When authors give many details related to a particular main idea, It is important to distinguish which details are the key details and which details are not. A key detail clearly shows a writer’s main idea to be true. In addition, It is also important to cite key details when summarizing a reading.
Using Word Parts to Guess Meaning
Words contain parts: roots, suffixes, prefixes.
For example:
antibiotics
anti-: prefix, means against
bio: root, means life
-ics: suffix, means things having to do with
transformation
trans-: prefix, means across
form: root, means form or shape
-tion: suffix, means action
extraterrestrial
extra-: prefix, means beyond
ceed: root, means earth
-al: suffix, means relating to
Root
arch: order
architecture, anarchy, archaeology
the: god
theology, thearchy, theocracy
patri-: father
patristics, patriarchy, patricidal
matri-: mother
maternal, matriarchy, matriliny
geo-: earth
geometry, geocentric, geodesy
do-: something about inside country or home
domestic, domicile, domain
Vocabulary
calculus: something about change
algebra: something about solving equation
geometry: something about shape
glitter: clear cut
Idiom
be credited with: the credit belong to somebody
She is credited with solving numerous cases.
from sole to crown: one part stands for the rest of all together
He was a gentleman from sole to crown.
Mathematician
Maria Gaetana Agnesi
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Gaetana_Agnesi
Poem
Richard Cory by Edwin Arlington Robinson
http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/richard-cory/
Quotation
Don’t wish too well. It might come true.
A sense of the fundamental decencies is parcelled out unequally at birth
http://www.usingenglish.com/forum/threads/199080-a-sense-of-the-fundamental-decencies-is-parcelled-out-unequally-at-birth
Spoken language
“You are such a snob.” means someone who tends to criticize, reject, or ignore people who come from a lower social class, have less education, etc.
“Bologna!” means “That’s rubbish!”
Confer
trendy: someone meets the trend in society
fashionable: someone's clothing or shoes meet his/her need
Words of the day
5/16
1. levy [v.] /ˈlɛvi/
definition: Impose (a tax, fee, or fine)
origin: Middle English (as a noun): from Old French levee, feminine past participle of lever 'raise', from Latin levare, from levis 'light'.
sentence: A tax of two per cent was levied on all cargoes.
part of speech: leviable [adj.]
2. bar [v.] /bɑː/
definition: Prevent or prohibit (someone) from doing something or from going somewhere
origin: Middle English: from Old French barre (noun), barrer (verb), of unknown origin.
sentence: The doors had been barred shut, then pried open, allowing us to slip inside.
part of speech: barred [adj.]
phrases: bar none: With no exceptions
be called (or go) to the Bar: Be admitted as a barrister.
3. blur [v.] /bləː/
definition: Make or become unclear or less distinct
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense 'smear that partially obscures something'): perhaps related to blear.
sentence: His novels blur the boundaries between criticism and fiction.
part of speech: blurry [adj.]
4. pedantic [adj.] /pɪˈdantɪk/
definition: Excessively concerned with minor details or rules; overscrupulous
sentence: His analyses are careful and even painstaking, but never pedantic.
part of speech: pedantically [adv.]
5. cozy [adj.] /ˈkəʊzi/
definition: Giving a feeling of comfort, warmth, and relaxation
origin: early 18th century (originally Scots): of unknown origin.
sentence: The flickering lamp gave the room a cozy lived-in air.
part of speech: cozily [adv.] coziness [n.]
5/19
1. calibrate [v.] /ˈkalɪbreɪt/
definition: Mark (a gauge or instrument) with a standard scale of readings
origin: mid 19th century: from calibre + -ate.
sentence: The depth gauge is calibrated in centimeters.
part of speech: calibrator [n.]
2. twirl [v.] /twəːl/
definition: Spin quickly and lightly round, especially repeatedly
origin: late 16th century: probably an alteration (by association with whirl) of tirl, a variant of archaic trill 'twiddle, spin'.
sentence: She twirled in delight to show off her new dress.
part of speech: twirler [n.] twirly [adj.]
3. stuff [v.] /stʌf/
definition: Fill (a receptacle or space) tightly with something
origin: Middle English (denoting material for making clothes): shortening of Old French estoffe 'material, furniture', estoffer 'equip, furnish', from Greek stuphein 'draw together'.
sentence: His head has been stuffed with myths and taboos.
part of speech: stuffer [n.]
phrases: get stuffed: Said in anger to tell someone to go away or as an expression of contempt
stuff it: Said to express indifference, resignation, or rejection
4. prejudice [v.] /ˈprɛdʒʊdɪs/
definition: Give rise to prejudice in (someone); make biased
origin: Middle English: from Old French, from Latin praejudicium, from prae 'in advance' + judicium 'judgement'.
sentence: The statement might prejudice the jury.
phrase: with prejudice: Extinguishing any right to pursue a claim in another suit
5. custody [n.] /ˈkʌstədi/
definition: The protective care or guardianship of someone or something
origin: late Middle English: from Latin custodia, from custos 'guardian'.
sentence: The property was placed in the custody of a trustee.
part of speech: custodial [adj.]
5/20
1. trap [v.] /trap/
definition: Catch (an animal) in a trap.
origin: Old English træppe (in coltetræppe 'Christ's thorn'); related to Middle Dutch trappe and medieval Latin trappa, of uncertain origin. The verb dates from late Middle English.
sentence: Once he dreamed he was trying to trap foxes but kept catching Dalmatians.
part of speech: trap-like [adj.]
2. nail [v.] /neɪl/
definition: Detect or catch (someone, especially a suspected criminal)
origin: Old English nægel (noun), næglan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch nagel and German Nagel, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin unguis and Greek onux.
sentence: The police, through hours and hours and hours of work, nailed that criminal.
part of speech: nailed [adj.] nailless [adj.]
phrases: fight tooth and nail: Fight very fiercely.
nail one's colours to the mast: Declare one’s beliefs or intentions openly
3. mast [n.] /mɑːst/
definition: A tall upright post, spar, or other structure on a ship or boat, in sailing vessels generally carrying a sail or sails.
origin: Old English mæst, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch mast and German Mast.
sentence: She had two masts and carried fore-and-aft auxiliary sails.
part of speech: masted [adj.]
4. mild [adj.] /mʌɪld/
definition: Not severe, serious, or harsh
origin: Old English milde (originally in the sense 'gracious, not severe in command'), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German mild, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin mollis and Greek malthakos 'soft'.
sentence: In moderate poisoning, the symptoms listed for mild poisoning become more severe.
part of speech: mildish [adj.]
5. segregation [n.] /ˌsɛgrɪˈgeɪʃ(ə)n/
definition: The action or state of setting someone or something apart from others
sentence: Both are oil towns with amazingly strict class segregation.
part of speech: segregational [adj.] segregationist [n.]
5/21
1. intimate [adj.] /ˈɪntɪmət/
definition: Closely acquainted; familiar
origin: early 17th century (as a noun): from late Latin intimatus, past participle of Latin intimare 'impress, make familiar', from intimus 'inmost'.
sentence: They are on intimate terms.
part of speech: intimately [adv.]
2. intimidate [v.] /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/
definition: Frighten or overawe (someone), especially in order to make them do what one wants
origin: mid 17th century: from medieval Latin intimidat- 'made timid', from the verb intimidare (based on timidus 'timid').
sentence: The forts are designed to intimidate the nationalist population.
part of speech: intimidatingly [adv.] intimidator [n.] intimidatory [adj.]
3. irritate [v.] /ˈɪrɪteɪt/
definition: Make (someone) annoyed or a little angry
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense 'excite, provoke'): from Latin irritat- 'irritated', from the verb irritare.
sentence: Later that evening, Jenny remarked that she was irritated with Sara.
part of speech: irritative [adj.] irritator [n.]
4. sanguine [adj.] /ˈsaŋgwɪn/
definition: Optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation
origin: Middle English: from Old French sanguin(e) 'blood red', from Latin sanguineus 'of blood', from sanguis, sanguin- 'blood'.
sentence: He is sanguine about prospects for the global economy.
part of speech: sanguinely [adv.] sanguineness [n.]
5. volley [n.] /ˈvɒli/
definition: A number of bullets, arrows, or other projectiles discharged at one time
origin: late 16th century: from French volée, based on Latin volare 'to fly'.
sentence: Royal Marines fired three volleys over the grave at the interment.
part of speech: volleyer [n.]
5/22
1. rinse [v.] /rɪns/
definition: Wash (something) with clean water to remove soap, detergent, dirt, or impurities
origin: Middle English (as a verb): from Old French rincer, of unknown ultimate origin.
sentence: Wash the face piece in detergent and water, rinse it thoroughly, and dry it in a well-ventilated area.
part of speech: rinser [n.]
2. peripheral [adj.] /pəˈrɪf(ə)r(ə)l/
definition: Relating to or situated on the edge or periphery of something
sentence: Instead, it is a better idea to sample from the peripheral edges of affected areas where plant symptoms are less severe and nematode population densities are still high.
part of speech: peripherality [n.] peripheralisation [n.] peripheralise [v.] peripherally [adv.]
3. ruthless [adj.] /ˈruːθləs/
definition: Having or showing no pity or compassion for others
origin: Middle English: from ruth + -less.
sentence: Not that people had much choice in the matter - bandits were ruthless and bloodthirsty.
part of speech: ruthlessly [adv.] ruthlessness [n.]
4. insurgent [adj.] /ɪnˈsəːdʒ(ə)nt/
definition: Rising in active revolt
origin: mid 18th century: via French from Latin insurgent- 'arising', from the verb insurgere, from in- 'into, towards' + surgere 'to rise'.
sentence: No, I do not remember any crimes being committed, other than the work of terrorist organisations and insurgent forces.
part of speech: insurgence [n.] insurgency [n.]
5. reconcile [v.] /ˈrɛk(ə)nsʌɪl/
definition: Restore friendly relations between
origin: late Middle English: from Old French reconcilier or Latin reconciliare, from Latin re- 'back' (also expressing intensive force) + conciliare 'bring together'.
sentence: The king and the archbishop were publicly reconciled.
part of speech: reconcilement [n.] reconciler [n.] reconciliatory [adj.]
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