When an author describes a process, look for numbers or signal words to help you follow each step. While focusing on each individual step, be sure to keep the final result, or goal of the process, in mind as well.
Onomatopoeia
Words with a meaning that imitates the sound.
For example, the word neigh represents the sound that a horse makes. Other examples like the words woof, cheep and hiss, which represent the sounds of a dog, a bird and a snake.
Root
man: stands for something about hand
manual, manipulate, manacle
en: put in
encounter, encourage, enlarge
sn: negative
snarl, sneeze, sniff
ex: over
extend, extra, exceed
des: negative, show an opposite
despite, desalt, descend
circum: around
circumscribe, circumcise, circumference
fra: stands for something broken, or something in pieces
fragile, fraction, fracture
Suffix
-ness: nature, character
happiness, sordidness, soreness
-less: nothing
careless, joyless, painless
-nomy: indicating a science or the laws governing a certain field of knowledge
taxonomy, agronomy, economy
Vocabulary
SOP: the abbreviation for sequence of process
confront: face something with negative
procedure: An established or official way of doing something
charge: get connected to something
obstacle: something bad in one's life
vertebrate: An animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. Compare with invertebrate.
foe: an enemy
Idiom
fend someone off: defend oneself from a blow, attack, or attacker
He attempted to attack the girl, but she fended him off.
hold/stand one's ground: to hold one's feet on the ground; to refuse to change your opinions or behavior, even if other people try to force you to do this
Stand your ground in the debate, you can argue your points and win.
put/pull oneself together: to become calm and behave normally again after being angry or upset
He was so angry that he couldn't pull himself together.
Confer
duty: a moral commitment to something or someone
responsibility: a condition of being responsible
Poem
I heard a Fly buzz - when I died
by Emily Dickinson
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174972
king: Jesus
windows: eyes
Success Is Counted Sweetest
by Emily Dickinson
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174990
nectar: A delicious or invigorating drink.
purple: Imperial power; high rank
Novel
My sister's keeper
by Jodi Picoult
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/my-sisters-keeper/
Quatation
"Am I my brother's keeper?"
from Cain in Old Testament - Genesis
Words of the day
5/23
1. implement [v.] /ˈɪmplɪm(ə)nt/
definition: Put (a decision, plan, agreement, etc.) into effect
origin: late Middle English (in the sense 'article of furniture, equipment, or dress'): partly from medieval Latin implementa (plural), partly from late Latin implementum 'filling up, fulfilment', both from Latin implere 'fill up' (later 'employ'), from in- 'in' + Latin plere 'fill'. The verb dates from the early 18th century.
sentence: Such communities have suffered through the policies implemented by this government.
part of speech: implementer [n.]
2. prosecute [v.] /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/
definition: Institute or conduct legal proceedings against (a person or organization)
origin: late Middle English: from Latin prosecut- 'pursued, accompanied', from the verb prosequi, from pro- 'onward' + sequi 'follow'.
sentence: They were prosecuted for obstructing the highway.
part of speech: prosecutable [adj.]
3. rebuke [v.] /rɪˈbjuːk/
definition: Express sharp disapproval or criticism of (someone) because of their behaviour or actions
origin: Middle English (originally in the sense 'force back, repress'): from Anglo-Norman French and Old Northern French rebuker, from re- 'back, down' + bukier 'to beat' (originally 'cut down wood', from Old French busche 'log').
sentence: She had rebuked him for drinking too much.
part of speech: rebuker [n.]
4. meddle [v.] /ˈmɛd(ə)l/
definition: Interfere in something that is not one’s concern
origin: Middle English (in the sense 'mingle, mix'): from Old French medler, variant of mesler, based on Latin miscere 'to mix'.
sentence: I don’t want him meddling in our affairs.
part of speech: meddler [n.]
5. leafy [adj.] /ˈliːfi/
definition: Having many leaves or much foliage
sentence: And I may not be an expert, but I could swear it is far quieter within the protective leafy screen.
part of speech: leafiness [n.]
5/26
1. operative [adj.] /ˈɒp(ə)rətɪv/
definition: Functioning or having effect
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin operativus, from Latin operat- 'done by labour', from the verb operari
sentence: They will not be operative there and in effect it is the same as being anywhere else in the country.
part of speech: operatively [adv.] operativeness [n.]
2. brandish [v.] /ˈbrandɪʃ/
definition: Wave or flourish (something, especially a weapon) as a threat or in anger or excitement
origin: Middle English: from Old French brandiss-, lengthened stem of brandir; ultimately of Germanic origin and related to brand.
sentence: This was soon displaced by another stereotype, a bearded guerilla fighter brandishing an automatic weapon.
part of speech: brandisher [n.]
3. smash [v.] /smaʃ/
definition: Violently break (something) into pieces
origin: early 18th century (as a noun): probably imitative, representing a blend of words such as smack, smite with bash, mash, etc..
sentence: The thief smashed a window to get into the car.
phrase: go to smash: Be ruined or destroyed
4. indict [v.] /ɪnˈdʌɪt/
definition: Formally accuse of or charge with a crime
origin: Middle English endite, indite, from Anglo-Norman French enditer, based on Latin indicere 'proclaim, appoint', from in- 'towards' + dicere 'pronounce, utter'.
sentence: His former manager was indicted for fraud.
part of speech: indictee [n.] indicter [n.]
5. snatch [v.] /snatʃ/
definition: Quickly seize (something) in a rude or eager way
origin: Middle English sna(c)che (verb) 'suddenly snap at', (noun) 'a snare'; perhaps related to snack.
sentence: She snatched a biscuit from the plate.
part of speech: snatcher [n.] snatchy [adj.]
5/27
1. corridor [n.] /ˈkɒrɪdɔː/
definition: A long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms
origin: late 16th century (as a military term denoting a strip of land along the outer edge of a ditch, protected by a parapet): from French, from Italian corridore, alteration (by association with corridore 'runner') of corridoio 'running place', from correre 'to run', from Latin currere. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.
sentence: His room lay at the very end of the corridor.
phrase: the corridors of power: The senior levels of government or administration
2. bulk [v.] /bʌlk/
definition: Treat (a product) so that its quantity appears greater than it is
origin: Middle English: the senses 'cargo as a whole' and 'heap, large quantity' (the earliest recorded) are probably from Old Norse búlki 'cargo'; other senses arose perhaps by alteration of obsolete bouk 'belly, body'.
sentence: Traders were bulking up their flour with chalk.
phrases: bulk large: Be or seem to be of great importance
in bulk: (Of goods) in large quantities and generally at a reduced price
3. shrink [v.] /ʃrɪŋk/
definition: Become or make smaller in size or amount
origin: Old English scrincan, of Germanic origin; related to Swedish skrynka 'to wrinkle'.
sentence: The sun had shrunk and dried the wood.
part of speech: shrinkable [adj.] shrinker [n.] shrinkingly [adv.]
4. reinvent [v.] /riːɪnˈvɛnt/
definition: Change (something) so much that it appears to be entirely new
sentence: He brought opera to the masses and reinvented the waltz.
part of speech: reinvention [n.]
phrase: reinvent the wheel: Waste a great deal of time or effort in creating something that already exists
5. tedious [adj.] /ˈtiːdɪəs/
definition: Too long, slow, or dull; tiresome or monotonous
origin: late Middle English: from Old French tedieus or late Latin taediosus, from Latin taedium
sentence: The work was slow and tedious because it yielded such a huge amount of information.
part of speech: tediously [adv.] tediousness [n.]
5/28
2. spooky [adj.] /ˈspuːki/
3. commando [n.] /kəˈmɑːndəʊ/
4. justify [v.] /ˈdʒʌstɪfʌɪ/
5. deploy [v.] /dɪˈplɔɪ/
2. skirmish [n.] /ˈskəːmɪʃ/
3. adept [v.] /əˈdɛpt/
4. coherent [adj.] /kə(ʊ)ˈhɪər(ə)nt/
5. armor [n.] /ˈɑːmə/
Onomatopoeia
Words with a meaning that imitates the sound.
For example, the word neigh represents the sound that a horse makes. Other examples like the words woof, cheep and hiss, which represent the sounds of a dog, a bird and a snake.
Root
man: stands for something about hand
manual, manipulate, manacle
en: put in
encounter, encourage, enlarge
sn: negative
snarl, sneeze, sniff
ex: over
extend, extra, exceed
des: negative, show an opposite
despite, desalt, descend
circum: around
circumscribe, circumcise, circumference
fra: stands for something broken, or something in pieces
fragile, fraction, fracture
Suffix
-ness: nature, character
happiness, sordidness, soreness
-less: nothing
careless, joyless, painless
-nomy: indicating a science or the laws governing a certain field of knowledge
taxonomy, agronomy, economy
Vocabulary
SOP: the abbreviation for sequence of process
confront: face something with negative
procedure: An established or official way of doing something
charge: get connected to something
obstacle: something bad in one's life
vertebrate: An animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. Compare with invertebrate.
foe: an enemy
Idiom
fend someone off: defend oneself from a blow, attack, or attacker
He attempted to attack the girl, but she fended him off.
hold/stand one's ground: to hold one's feet on the ground; to refuse to change your opinions or behavior, even if other people try to force you to do this
Stand your ground in the debate, you can argue your points and win.
put/pull oneself together: to become calm and behave normally again after being angry or upset
He was so angry that he couldn't pull himself together.
Confer
duty: a moral commitment to something or someone
responsibility: a condition of being responsible
Poem
I heard a Fly buzz - when I died
by Emily Dickinson
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174972
king: Jesus
windows: eyes
Success Is Counted Sweetest
by Emily Dickinson
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174990
nectar: A delicious or invigorating drink.
purple: Imperial power; high rank
Novel
My sister's keeper
by Jodi Picoult
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/my-sisters-keeper/
Quatation
"Am I my brother's keeper?"
from Cain in Old Testament - Genesis
Words of the day
5/23
1. implement [v.] /ˈɪmplɪm(ə)nt/
definition: Put (a decision, plan, agreement, etc.) into effect
origin: late Middle English (in the sense 'article of furniture, equipment, or dress'): partly from medieval Latin implementa (plural), partly from late Latin implementum 'filling up, fulfilment', both from Latin implere 'fill up' (later 'employ'), from in- 'in' + Latin plere 'fill'. The verb dates from the early 18th century.
sentence: Such communities have suffered through the policies implemented by this government.
part of speech: implementer [n.]
2. prosecute [v.] /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/
definition: Institute or conduct legal proceedings against (a person or organization)
origin: late Middle English: from Latin prosecut- 'pursued, accompanied', from the verb prosequi, from pro- 'onward' + sequi 'follow'.
sentence: They were prosecuted for obstructing the highway.
part of speech: prosecutable [adj.]
3. rebuke [v.] /rɪˈbjuːk/
definition: Express sharp disapproval or criticism of (someone) because of their behaviour or actions
origin: Middle English (originally in the sense 'force back, repress'): from Anglo-Norman French and Old Northern French rebuker, from re- 'back, down' + bukier 'to beat' (originally 'cut down wood', from Old French busche 'log').
sentence: She had rebuked him for drinking too much.
part of speech: rebuker [n.]
4. meddle [v.] /ˈmɛd(ə)l/
definition: Interfere in something that is not one’s concern
origin: Middle English (in the sense 'mingle, mix'): from Old French medler, variant of mesler, based on Latin miscere 'to mix'.
sentence: I don’t want him meddling in our affairs.
part of speech: meddler [n.]
5. leafy [adj.] /ˈliːfi/
definition: Having many leaves or much foliage
sentence: And I may not be an expert, but I could swear it is far quieter within the protective leafy screen.
part of speech: leafiness [n.]
5/26
1. operative [adj.] /ˈɒp(ə)rətɪv/
definition: Functioning or having effect
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin operativus, from Latin operat- 'done by labour', from the verb operari
sentence: They will not be operative there and in effect it is the same as being anywhere else in the country.
part of speech: operatively [adv.] operativeness [n.]
2. brandish [v.] /ˈbrandɪʃ/
definition: Wave or flourish (something, especially a weapon) as a threat or in anger or excitement
origin: Middle English: from Old French brandiss-, lengthened stem of brandir; ultimately of Germanic origin and related to brand.
sentence: This was soon displaced by another stereotype, a bearded guerilla fighter brandishing an automatic weapon.
part of speech: brandisher [n.]
3. smash [v.] /smaʃ/
definition: Violently break (something) into pieces
origin: early 18th century (as a noun): probably imitative, representing a blend of words such as smack, smite with bash, mash, etc..
sentence: The thief smashed a window to get into the car.
phrase: go to smash: Be ruined or destroyed
4. indict [v.] /ɪnˈdʌɪt/
definition: Formally accuse of or charge with a crime
origin: Middle English endite, indite, from Anglo-Norman French enditer, based on Latin indicere 'proclaim, appoint', from in- 'towards' + dicere 'pronounce, utter'.
sentence: His former manager was indicted for fraud.
part of speech: indictee [n.] indicter [n.]
5. snatch [v.] /snatʃ/
definition: Quickly seize (something) in a rude or eager way
origin: Middle English sna(c)che (verb) 'suddenly snap at', (noun) 'a snare'; perhaps related to snack.
sentence: She snatched a biscuit from the plate.
part of speech: snatcher [n.] snatchy [adj.]
5/27
1. corridor [n.] /ˈkɒrɪdɔː/
definition: A long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms
origin: late 16th century (as a military term denoting a strip of land along the outer edge of a ditch, protected by a parapet): from French, from Italian corridore, alteration (by association with corridore 'runner') of corridoio 'running place', from correre 'to run', from Latin currere. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.
sentence: His room lay at the very end of the corridor.
phrase: the corridors of power: The senior levels of government or administration
2. bulk [v.] /bʌlk/
definition: Treat (a product) so that its quantity appears greater than it is
origin: Middle English: the senses 'cargo as a whole' and 'heap, large quantity' (the earliest recorded) are probably from Old Norse búlki 'cargo'; other senses arose perhaps by alteration of obsolete bouk 'belly, body'.
sentence: Traders were bulking up their flour with chalk.
phrases: bulk large: Be or seem to be of great importance
in bulk: (Of goods) in large quantities and generally at a reduced price
3. shrink [v.] /ʃrɪŋk/
definition: Become or make smaller in size or amount
origin: Old English scrincan, of Germanic origin; related to Swedish skrynka 'to wrinkle'.
sentence: The sun had shrunk and dried the wood.
part of speech: shrinkable [adj.] shrinker [n.] shrinkingly [adv.]
4. reinvent [v.] /riːɪnˈvɛnt/
definition: Change (something) so much that it appears to be entirely new
sentence: He brought opera to the masses and reinvented the waltz.
part of speech: reinvention [n.]
phrase: reinvent the wheel: Waste a great deal of time or effort in creating something that already exists
5. tedious [adj.] /ˈtiːdɪəs/
definition: Too long, slow, or dull; tiresome or monotonous
origin: late Middle English: from Old French tedieus or late Latin taediosus, from Latin taedium
sentence: The work was slow and tedious because it yielded such a huge amount of information.
part of speech: tediously [adv.] tediousness [n.]
5/28
1. anachronism [n.] /əˈnakrəˌnɪz(ə)m/
definition: A thing belonging or appropriate to a period other than that in which it exists, especially a thing that is conspicuously old-fashioned
origin: mid 17th century: from Greek anakhronismos, from ana- 'backwards' + khronos 'time'.
sentence: The town is a throwback to medieval times, an anachronism that has survived the passing years.
part of speech: anachronistic [adj.] anachronistically [adv.]
2. spooky [adj.] /ˈspuːki/
definition: Sinister or ghostly in a way that causes fear and unease
sentence: I bet this place is really spooky late at night.
part of speech: spookily [adv.] spookiness [n.]
3. commando [n.] /kəˈmɑːndəʊ/
definition: A soldier specially trained for carrying out raids
origin: late 18th century (denoting a militia, originally consisting of Boers in South Africa): from Portuguese (earlier form of comando), from commandar 'to command', from late Latin commandare
sentence: The mobilisation includes paramilitary forces, regular soldiers and specially trained commandos.
phrase: go commando: Wear no underpants.
4. justify [v.] /ˈdʒʌstɪfʌɪ/
definition: Show or prove to be right or reasonable
origin: Middle English (in the senses 'administer justice to' and 'inflict a judicial penalty on'): from Old French justifier, from Christian Latin justificare 'do justice to', from Latin justus
sentence: The person appointed has fully justified our confidence.
part of speech: justificatory [adj.] justifier [n.]
5. deploy [v.] /dɪˈplɔɪ/
definition: Move (troops) into position for military action
origin: late 18th century: from French déployer, from Latin displicare and late Latin deplicare 'unfold or explain', from dis-, de- 'un-' + plicare 'to fold'.
sentence: The Legion was often deployed in hopeless military situations.
part of speech: deployable [adj.] deployment [n.]
5/29
1. forfeit [v.] /ˈfɔːfɪt/
definition: Lose or be deprived of (property or a right or privilege) as a penalty for wrongdoing
origin: Middle English (originally denoting a crime or transgression, hence a fine): from Old French forfet, forfait, past participle of forfaire 'transgress', from for- 'out' (from Latin foris 'outside') + faire 'do' (from Latin facere).
sentence: Those unable to meet their taxes were liable to forfeit their estates.
part of speech: forfeitable [adj.] forfeiter [n.]
2. skirmish [n.] /ˈskəːmɪʃ/
definition: An episode of irregular or unpremeditated fighting, especially between small or outlying parts of armies or fleets
origin: Middle English (as a verb): from Old French eskirmiss-, lengthened stem of eskirmir, from a Germanic verb meaning 'defend'.
sentence: The unit was caught in several skirmishes and the commanding officer was killed.
part of speech: skirmisher [n.]
3. adept [v.] /əˈdɛpt/
definition: Very skilled or proficient at something
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin adeptus 'achieved', past participle of adipisci 'obtain, attain'.
sentence: She is adept at cutting through red tape.
part of speech: adeptly [adv.] adeptness [n.]
4. coherent [adj.] /kə(ʊ)ˈhɪər(ə)nt/
definition: (Of an argument, theory, or policy) logical and consistent
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense 'logically related to'): from Latin cohaerent- 'sticking together', from the verb cohaerere
sentence: They failed to develop a coherent economic strategy.
part of speech: coherently [adv.]
5. armor [n.] /ˈɑːmə/
definition: The metal coverings formerly worn to protect the body in battle
origin: Middle English: from Old French armure, from Latin armatura, from armare 'to arm'
sentence: He was dressed like a centurion, with titanium armor protecting his every body part.
part of speech: armor-plated [adj.]
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