Writers do not always explain everything directly in a text, they expect the readers to pay attention to the details in the reading, and make reasonable conclusions based on that information.
Prefix
ap: to dis: opposite,negative
appear, appeal disorder, disgrace, dislike
en: put into de: complete down
enact, enable, encourage delete, decline
pro: before extra: excess
probable, propel extravagant, extract
Suffix
able: fit for, tend to, capable of ent: causing, promoting
enable, unable, disable agent, evident
ly: adverb
actually, happily
Prometheus: theft of fire
Pandora's box
Charon river styx
terrace = garden
The Great Gatsby Quiz
attend school/church
naturalize: admit (a foreigner) to the citizenship of a country
have an affair: one who gets married has another lover outside
bootlegger: someone makes, distributes, or sells (alcoholic drink or a recording) illegally
you can't live forever = carpe diem(from Latin)
situation comedy = siticom
(metaphor)break the clock = fail to reverse the past
be disappointed with
Extension Study
poem:Waste Land----T. S. Eliot
Words of the day
12/6
1.declaim [v.] /dɪˈkleɪm/
definition: utter or deliver words in a rhetorical or impassioned way, as if to an audience
origin:late Middle English: from French déclamer or Latin
declamare, from de- (expressing thoroughness) + clamare 'to shout'
sentence: She declaimed her views.
part of speech: declaimer [n.] declamatory [adj.]
2.decompose [v.] /diːkəmˈpəʊz/
definition: (with reference to a dead body or other organic matter) make or become rotten; decay or cause to decay
origin: mid 18th century (in the sense 'separate into simpler
constituents'): from French décomposer, from de- (expressing
reversal) + composer
sentence: The body had begun to decompose.
part of speech: decomposable [adj.] decomposer [n.]
3.decorous [adj.] /ˈdɛk(ə)rəs/
definition: in keeping with good taste and propriety; polite and
restrained
origin: mid 17th century (in the sense 'appropriate, seemly'): from
Latin decorus 'seemly' + -ous
sentence: Charlotte gave David a decorous kiss.
part of speech: decorously [adv.] decorousness [n.]
4.decrepit [adj.] /dɪˈkrɛpɪt/
definition: worn out or ruined because of age or neglect
origin: late Middle English: from Latin decrepitus, from de- 'down'
+ crepitus, past participle of crepare 'rattle, creak'
sentence: His illness has made him decrepit.
part of speech: decrepitude [n.]
5.deduct [v.] /dɪˈdʌkt/
definition: subtract or take away (an amount or part) from a total
origin: late Middle English: from Latin deduct- 'taken or led away', from the verb deducere. Deduct and deduce were not distinguished in sense until the mid 17th century
sentence: Tax has been deducted from the payments.
part of speech: deductible [adj.] deduction [n.]
12/9
1.defame [v.] /dɪˈfeɪm/
definition: damage the good reputation of (someone); slander or
libel
origin: Middle English: from Old French diffamer, from Latin
diffamare 'spread evil report', from dis- (expressing removal) + fama 'report'
sentence: He claimed that the article defamed his family.
part of speech: defamer [n.] defamation [n.]
2.defensible [adj.] /dɪˈfɛnsɪb(ə)l/
definition: justifiable by argument
origin: Middle English (in the sense 'capable of giving protective
defence'): from late Latin defensibilis, from Latin defendere
sentence: Is abortion morally defensible?
part of speech: defensibility [n.] defensibly [adv.]
3.defer [v.] /dɪˈfəː/
definition: put off (an action or event) to a later time; postpone
origin: late Middle English (also in the sense 'put on one side'): from Old French differer 'defer or differ', from Latin differre, from dis- 'apart' + ferre 'bring, carry'. Compare with defer and differ
sentence: They deferred the decision until February.
part of speech: deferrable [adj.] deferral [n.]
4.defiant [adj.] /dɪˈfʌɪənt/
definition: showing defiance
origin: Middle English (denoting the renunciation of an allegiance
or friendship): from Old French, from defier 'defy'
sentence: The terrorists sent a defiant message to the government.
part of speech: defiance [n.] defiantly [adv.]
5.definitive [adj.] /dɪˈfɪnɪtɪv/
definition: (of a conclusion or agreement) done or reached
decisively and with authority
origin: late Middle English: from Old French definitif, -ive, from
Latin definitivus, from definit- 'set within limits', from the verb definire
sentence: She wrote the definitive book on the Civil War. All other
researchers rely on her work.
definition: utter or deliver words in a rhetorical or impassioned way, as if to an audience
origin:late Middle English: from French déclamer or Latin
declamare, from de- (expressing thoroughness) + clamare 'to shout'
sentence: She declaimed her views.
part of speech: declaimer [n.] declamatory [adj.]
2.decompose [v.] /diːkəmˈpəʊz/
definition: (with reference to a dead body or other organic matter) make or become rotten; decay or cause to decay
origin: mid 18th century (in the sense 'separate into simpler
constituents'): from French décomposer, from de- (expressing
reversal) + composer
sentence: The body had begun to decompose.
part of speech: decomposable [adj.] decomposer [n.]
3.decorous [adj.] /ˈdɛk(ə)rəs/
definition: in keeping with good taste and propriety; polite and
restrained
origin: mid 17th century (in the sense 'appropriate, seemly'): from
Latin decorus 'seemly' + -ous
sentence: Charlotte gave David a decorous kiss.
part of speech: decorously [adv.] decorousness [n.]
4.decrepit [adj.] /dɪˈkrɛpɪt/
definition: worn out or ruined because of age or neglect
origin: late Middle English: from Latin decrepitus, from de- 'down'
+ crepitus, past participle of crepare 'rattle, creak'
sentence: His illness has made him decrepit.
part of speech: decrepitude [n.]
5.deduct [v.] /dɪˈdʌkt/
definition: subtract or take away (an amount or part) from a total
origin: late Middle English: from Latin deduct- 'taken or led away', from the verb deducere. Deduct and deduce were not distinguished in sense until the mid 17th century
sentence: Tax has been deducted from the payments.
part of speech: deductible [adj.] deduction [n.]
12/9
1.defame [v.] /dɪˈfeɪm/
definition: damage the good reputation of (someone); slander or
libel
origin: Middle English: from Old French diffamer, from Latin
diffamare 'spread evil report', from dis- (expressing removal) + fama 'report'
sentence: He claimed that the article defamed his family.
part of speech: defamer [n.] defamation [n.]
2.defensible [adj.] /dɪˈfɛnsɪb(ə)l/
definition: justifiable by argument
origin: Middle English (in the sense 'capable of giving protective
defence'): from late Latin defensibilis, from Latin defendere
sentence: Is abortion morally defensible?
part of speech: defensibility [n.] defensibly [adv.]
3.defer [v.] /dɪˈfəː/
definition: put off (an action or event) to a later time; postpone
origin: late Middle English (also in the sense 'put on one side'): from Old French differer 'defer or differ', from Latin differre, from dis- 'apart' + ferre 'bring, carry'. Compare with defer and differ
sentence: They deferred the decision until February.
part of speech: deferrable [adj.] deferral [n.]
4.defiant [adj.] /dɪˈfʌɪənt/
definition: showing defiance
origin: Middle English (denoting the renunciation of an allegiance
or friendship): from Old French, from defier 'defy'
sentence: The terrorists sent a defiant message to the government.
part of speech: defiance [n.] defiantly [adv.]
5.definitive [adj.] /dɪˈfɪnɪtɪv/
definition: (of a conclusion or agreement) done or reached
decisively and with authority
origin: late Middle English: from Old French definitif, -ive, from
Latin definitivus, from definit- 'set within limits', from the verb definire
sentence: She wrote the definitive book on the Civil War. All other
researchers rely on her work.
part of speech: definitively [adv.]
12/10
1.deflate [v.] /dɪˈfleɪt/
definition: let air or gas out of (a tyre, balloon, or similar object)
origin: late 19th century: from de- (expressing reversal) + -flate (as in inflate)
sentence: He deflated one of the tyres.
part of speech: deflator [n.]
2.deflect [v.] /dɪˈflɛkt/
definition: cause (something) to change direction; turn aside from a straight course
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin deflectere, from de- 'away
from' + flectere 'to bend'
sentence: The bullet was deflected harmlessly into the ceiling.
part of speech: deflection [n.]
3.deform [v.] /dɪˈfɔːm/
definition: distort the shape or form of; make misshapen
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desformer, via
medieval Latin from Latin deformare, from de- (expressing reversal) + forma 'a shape'
sentence: He was physically deformed by a rare bone disease.
part of speech: deformable [adj.] deformity [n.]
4.defraud [v.] /dɪˈfrɔːd/
definition: illegally obtain money from (someone) by deception
origin: late Middle English: from Old French defrauder or Latin
defraudare, from de- 'from' + fraudare 'to cheat'
sentence: He used a second identity to defraud the bank of
thousands of pounds.
part of speech: defrauder [n.]
5.deft [adj.] /dɛft/
definition: neatly skilful and quick in one’s movements
origin: Middle English: variant of daft, in the obsolete sense 'meek'
sentence: What a deft typist you are!
part of speech: deftly [adv.] deftness [n.]
origin: late 19th century: from de- (expressing reversal) + -flate (as in inflate)
sentence: He deflated one of the tyres.
part of speech: deflator [n.]
2.deflect [v.] /dɪˈflɛkt/
definition: cause (something) to change direction; turn aside from a straight course
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin deflectere, from de- 'away
from' + flectere 'to bend'
sentence: The bullet was deflected harmlessly into the ceiling.
part of speech: deflection [n.]
3.deform [v.] /dɪˈfɔːm/
definition: distort the shape or form of; make misshapen
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desformer, via
medieval Latin from Latin deformare, from de- (expressing reversal) + forma 'a shape'
sentence: He was physically deformed by a rare bone disease.
part of speech: deformable [adj.] deformity [n.]
4.defraud [v.] /dɪˈfrɔːd/
definition: illegally obtain money from (someone) by deception
origin: late Middle English: from Old French defrauder or Latin
defraudare, from de- 'from' + fraudare 'to cheat'
sentence: He used a second identity to defraud the bank of
thousands of pounds.
part of speech: defrauder [n.]
5.deft [adj.] /dɛft/
definition: neatly skilful and quick in one’s movements
origin: Middle English: variant of daft, in the obsolete sense 'meek'
sentence: What a deft typist you are!
part of speech: deftly [adv.] deftness [n.]
12/11
1.degenerate [adj.] /dɪˈdʒɛn(ə)rət/
definition: having lost the physical, mental, or moral qualities
considered normal and desirable; showing evidence of decline
origin: late 15th century: from Latin degeneratus 'no longer of its
kind', from the verb degenerare, from degener 'debased', from de- 'away from' + genus, gener- 'race, kind'
sentence: His health degenerated quickly.
part of speech: degenerately [adv.]
2.dehydrate [v.] /diːhʌɪˈdreɪt/
definition: cause (a person or their body) to lose a large amount of
water
origin: late 19th century: from de- (expressing removal) + Greek
hudros, hudr- 'water'
sentence: His body temperature was high and he had become
dehydrated.
part of speech: dehydration [n.] dehydrator [n.]
3.deliberation [n.] /dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/
definition: long and careful consideration or discussion
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin
deliberatio(n-), from deliberare 'consider carefully'
sentence: After much deliberation we arrived at a compromise.
part of speech: deliberate [adj.] deliberately [adv.]
4.delineate [v.] /dɪˈlɪnɪeɪt/
definition: describe or portray (something) precisely
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense 'trace the outline of
something'): from Latin delineat- 'outlined', from the verb delineare, from de- 'out, completely' + lineare
sentence: The law should delineate and prohibit behaviour which is
socially abhorrent.
part of speech: delineator [n.]
5.delude [v.] /dɪˈl(j)uːd/
definition: make (someone) believe something that is not true
origin: late Middle English: from Latin deludere 'to mock', from de-(with pejorative force) + ludere 'to play'
sentence: Too many theorists have deluded the public.
part of speech: deludedly [adv.] deluder [n.]
12/12
1.demean [v.] /dɪˈmiːn/
definition: cause a severe loss in the dignity of and respect for
(someone or something)
origin: early 17th century: from de- 'away, down' + the adjective
mean, on the pattern of debase
sentence: I had demeaned the profession.
part of speech: demeaning [adj.]
2.demobilize [v.] /diːˈməʊbɪlʌɪz/
definition: take (troops) out of active service, typically at the end
of a war
origin: late 19th century: from French démobiliser, from dé-(expressing reversal) + mobiliser 'mobilize'
sentence: He was demobilized in February 1946. part of speech: demobilization [n.]
3.demoralize [v.] /dɪˈmɒrəlʌɪz/
definition: cause (someone) to lose confidence or hope
origin: late 18th century: from French démoraliser (a word of the
French Revolution), from dé- (expressing reversal) + moral 'moral', from Latin moralis
sentence: The General Strike had demoralized the trade unions.
part of speech: demoralization [n.] demoralizing [adj.]
demoralizingly [adv.]
4.demote [v.] /diːˈməʊt/
definition: move (someone) to a lower position or rank, usually as a punishment
origin: late 19th century: from de- 'down' + a shortened form of
promote
sentence: The head of the army was demoted to deputy defence
secretary.
part of speech: demotion [n.]
5.denigrate [v.] /ˈdɛnɪgreɪt/
definition: criticize unfairly; disparage
origin: ate Middle English (in the sense 'blacken, make dark'): from
Latin denigrat- 'blackened', from the verb denigrare, from de- 'away, completely' + nigrare (from niger 'black')
sentence: Doom and gloom merchants who denigrate their own
country.
part of speech: denigration [n.] denigrator [n.]
denigratory [adj.]
definition: having lost the physical, mental, or moral qualities
considered normal and desirable; showing evidence of decline
origin: late 15th century: from Latin degeneratus 'no longer of its
kind', from the verb degenerare, from degener 'debased', from de- 'away from' + genus, gener- 'race, kind'
sentence: His health degenerated quickly.
part of speech: degenerately [adv.]
2.dehydrate [v.] /diːhʌɪˈdreɪt/
definition: cause (a person or their body) to lose a large amount of
water
origin: late 19th century: from de- (expressing removal) + Greek
hudros, hudr- 'water'
sentence: His body temperature was high and he had become
dehydrated.
part of speech: dehydration [n.] dehydrator [n.]
3.deliberation [n.] /dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/
definition: long and careful consideration or discussion
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin
deliberatio(n-), from deliberare 'consider carefully'
sentence: After much deliberation we arrived at a compromise.
part of speech: deliberate [adj.] deliberately [adv.]
4.delineate [v.] /dɪˈlɪnɪeɪt/
definition: describe or portray (something) precisely
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense 'trace the outline of
something'): from Latin delineat- 'outlined', from the verb delineare, from de- 'out, completely' + lineare
sentence: The law should delineate and prohibit behaviour which is
socially abhorrent.
part of speech: delineator [n.]
5.delude [v.] /dɪˈl(j)uːd/
definition: make (someone) believe something that is not true
origin: late Middle English: from Latin deludere 'to mock', from de-(with pejorative force) + ludere 'to play'
sentence: Too many theorists have deluded the public.
part of speech: deludedly [adv.] deluder [n.]
12/12
1.demean [v.] /dɪˈmiːn/
definition: cause a severe loss in the dignity of and respect for
(someone or something)
origin: early 17th century: from de- 'away, down' + the adjective
mean, on the pattern of debase
sentence: I had demeaned the profession.
part of speech: demeaning [adj.]
2.demobilize [v.] /diːˈməʊbɪlʌɪz/
definition: take (troops) out of active service, typically at the end
of a war
origin: late 19th century: from French démobiliser, from dé-(expressing reversal) + mobiliser 'mobilize'
sentence: He was demobilized in February 1946. part of speech: demobilization [n.]
3.demoralize [v.] /dɪˈmɒrəlʌɪz/
definition: cause (someone) to lose confidence or hope
origin: late 18th century: from French démoraliser (a word of the
French Revolution), from dé- (expressing reversal) + moral 'moral', from Latin moralis
sentence: The General Strike had demoralized the trade unions.
part of speech: demoralization [n.] demoralizing [adj.]
demoralizingly [adv.]
4.demote [v.] /diːˈməʊt/
definition: move (someone) to a lower position or rank, usually as a punishment
origin: late 19th century: from de- 'down' + a shortened form of
promote
sentence: The head of the army was demoted to deputy defence
secretary.
part of speech: demotion [n.]
5.denigrate [v.] /ˈdɛnɪgreɪt/
definition: criticize unfairly; disparage
origin: ate Middle English (in the sense 'blacken, make dark'): from
Latin denigrat- 'blackened', from the verb denigrare, from de- 'away, completely' + nigrare (from niger 'black')
sentence: Doom and gloom merchants who denigrate their own
country.
part of speech: denigration [n.] denigrator [n.]
denigratory [adj.]
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